Explore the next generation of decentralized game model: Metaverse model
探索下一代去中心化遊戲模型：Metaverse 元宇宙模式
Back to 2018, blockchain is a well-known solution to create a fair environment for game developers and players. On the players side, it helps to prevent item theft due to hacking and the sale of fake in-game asset. Tying assets to players instead of games, thereby enhances the safety level on the time or money investments players have made. The players also no need to worry about the undesirable actions on the part of developers; like changed the rules of game suddenly and arbitrarily. Because players can take the wheel, extend game longevity and encourage user content. On the gaming industry side, it definitely restores the trust between game developers and the distributors since all sales activities are recorded by blockchain. For the game developers, they are able to create more realistic economic systems within their games and incentivizing players by offering dividends and granting them a vote in development processes. It can lower their operation cost caused by distributing the server over a blockchain network. It also helps to encourage new game developer to compete with console game-publishing industries at the monopolistic market.
眾所周知在 2018 年，區塊鏈為遊戲開發者和玩家創造公平環境的解決方案。在玩家方面，它有助防止由於黑客攻擊和出售遊戲內假資產而導致的物品失竊。將資產綁定給玩家而不是遊戲，從而提高玩家所投入時間或金錢的安全水平。玩家也無需擔心開發者的不良行為；例如，遊戲規則被突然任意更改。因為玩家可以掌握軚盤，延長遊戲壽命並鼓勵用戶內容。在遊戲行業方面，由於所有銷售活動都通過區塊鏈進行記錄，這無疑重拾了遊戲開發商和分銷商之間的信任。對於遊戲開發商來說，他們能夠在他們的遊戲中創建更現實的經濟系統，並通過在開發過程中提供分紅和投票來激勵玩家。通過在區塊鏈網絡上分發伺服器來降低他們的運營成本。它還有助於鼓勵新遊戲開發商在壟斷市場上與市場領導者遊戲發商競爭。
Almost 3 years later, the decentralized gaming industries have another big step forward which definitely impacts the traditional gaming industries. I would say it is not only on gaming industries, but also impacts the ecommerce activities. This is Metaverse Model.
3年過去了，去中心化的遊戲產業又向前邁進了一大步，這肯定會衝擊傳統的遊戲產業。我想說這不僅是對遊戲行業的影響，對電子商務活動也有影響。這是Metaverse (元宇宙)模式。
What is Metaverse?
Metaverse originated in Neal Stephenson’s 1992 novel Snow Crash, the story of a pizza delivery rider who spent his free time escaping his daily life by plugging into the Metaverse — a simulated world which allowed its denizens to live as whoever they designed their avatars to be, in a shared reality which was always on and beyond the control of any one user.
The Metaverse is a collective virtual shared space, created by the convergence of virtually enhanced physical reality and physically persistent virtual space, including the sum of all virtual worlds, augmented reality, and the Internet. The term is typically used to describe the concept of a future iteration of the internet, made up of persistent, shared, 3D virtual spaces linked into a perceived virtual universe.
什麼是元宇宙？
Metaverse (元宇宙) 起源於 Neal Stephenson 1992 年的小說《雪崩》，講述一個披薩送貨員的故事利用空閒時間通過Metaverse 來逃避現實生活 — — 這是一個模擬世界，它的居民可以像他們設計的化身一樣生活，在一個共享的現實中，該現實始終處於任何用戶無法控制的範圍內。
Metaverse 是一個集體虛擬共享空間，由虛擬增強的物理現實和物理持久的虛擬空間融合創建，當中能夠包括所有虛擬世界和現實互聯網的連接。該術語通常用於描述互聯網未來迭代的概念，由連接到感知虛擬世界的持久性、互動性及3D 虛擬空間而組成。
Metaverse Game
For the gaming industries, Metaverse is an immersive virtual space where users can conduct cultural, social, and entertainment activities. The core of Metaverse lies in the carrying of virtual assets and virtual identities. Metaverse provides users with rich consumption content, fair creation platform, reliable economic system, and immersive interactive experience. Unlike traditional games, users can experience different content in the Metaverse, make different friends, create their own works, and perform a series of virtual activities. The characteristics of Metaverse include reliable economic system, virtual identity and assets, strong sociality, immersive experience, and open content creation.
Upland is undoubtedly the best one sample on Metaverse dAPP. It is creating a virtual property trading game based on real-world addresses. It allows people to buy, collect, sell and trade the land in their city or elsewhere. True ownership is secured on the blockchain and rewards players with Upland’s in-game currency UPX. In later versions of the game, people will be able to build upon their land and develop virtual locations.
元宇宙遊戲
對於遊戲行業來說，Metaverse 是滲透式的虛擬空間，用戶可以進行文化、社交、娛樂活動，Metaverse 的核心在於虛擬資產和虛擬身份的開始。Metaverse 為用戶提供了豐富的消費內容、公平的創作平台、可靠的經濟系統、滲透式的交互體驗。與傳統遊戲不同，可以在Metaverse 體驗不同的內容，結交不同的好友，創造自己的作品，用戶進行一連串的虛擬活動。Metaverse 的特點包括可靠的經濟系統、虛擬身份與資產、強社交性、滲透式體驗、開放內容創作。
Upland 無疑是Metaverse dAPP上最好的一個例子。它正在創建一個基於現實世界地址的虛擬財產交易遊戲。它允許人們在他們的城市或其他地方購買、收集、出售和交易土地。真正的擁有權在區塊鏈上得到保證，並用 Upland 的遊戲內的貨幣 UPX 獎勵玩家。在遊戲的後續版本中，人們將能夠在自己的土地上建造並開發虛擬位置。
Pros & Cons to develop their own side-chain
With the increasing number of similar games players and the increasing popularity of the game, the performance of ETH obviously cannot keep up with the demand which leads more dAPP developers to move in Layer 2.0. But correspondingly, autonomy and flexibility will be lost.
That’s why AXIE made a decision to develop their own side-chain based on ETH. They choose PoA as their consensus mechanism which is equivalent to an enhanced version of PoS, and it is faster than side-chains such as BSC. For large-scale collaborative games, TPS is the most important factor.
✓ Tailor made protocol : Design the consensus mechanism and protocol which match their project needs.
✓ Won’t be restricted by others : Have the highest autonomy and flexibility of the network. For example, if it is built on another side-chains or Layer 2.0, when encountering customized needs that need to be resolved quickly, it often depends on the timely cooperation of the side-chain or the Layer 2.0 team, and flexibility is also restricted by others.
✓ User friendly : Users do not require to buy other crypto as Gas fee.
開發自己的側鏈的利弊
隨著同類遊戲玩家越來越多及越來越受歡迎，ETH 表現明顯跟不上需求，這將導致更多的dAPP 開發者轉向Layer 2.0。但相應地會失去其自主性和靈活性。
於是 AXIE 就決定基於 ETH 上開發了自己的側鏈。他們選擇PoA 作為共識機制，相當於PoS 的增強版，比BSC 等側鏈更快。對於大型dAPP 遊戲，不竟TPS 是最重要的因素。
✓ 量身定制的協議 : 設計符合他們項目需求的共識機制和協議。
✓ 不會受制於他人 : 擁有最高的網絡自主性和靈活性。 例如建立在其他側鏈或者Layer 2.0 上，遇到定制化需求同時需要快速解決的時候，往往要靠側鏈或者Layer 2.0 團隊的及時配合，靈活性也受制於其他人。
✓ 方便使用 : 用戶無需購買其他加密貨幣作為 Gas fee.
✖︎ High technical requirement : As we all know, the technical reserve required to make a side-chain is much larger than issuing a Token. You have to consider a series of parameters and settings such as consensus mechanism, block generation speed, node server configuration, Token model and so on.
✖︎ Cost factor : The cost of the node and the server.
✖︎ 高技術要求 : 眾所周知，開發側鏈所需的技術儲備遠大於發行通證。要考慮共識機制、出塊速度、節點伺服器配置、通證型等一系列參數和設置。
✖︎ 成本因素 : 節點和伺服器的成本。
Other option for Metaverse dAPP developers
Developers are able to use Cosmos SDK or Eurus dAPP portal, the cost is lower than 40%, and it is not deployed by ETH. The advantage is that it is born with its own cross-chain, and it can naturally interoperate with other chains. Some side-chains like Eurus allowing to connect with AppChain can create the most autonomous environment for the developers.
Metaverse dAPP 開發者的其他選擇
開發者能夠使用 Cosmos SDK 或 Eurus dAPP 門戶，能夠減少成本約 40%，且不受 ETH 部署。優點是天生就有自己的跨鏈橋，自然可以和其他鏈互通。一些像 Eurus 這樣的側鏈允許與 AppChain 連接，為開發人員創建最自治的環境。
With the continuous development of Appchain, there will be more and more projects such as AXIE / Upland with required different blockchain network. We will see more Appchain access to Cosmos (PoS), Eurus (PoA) and Layer 2.0 (PoS) etc…. The following two years, the blockchain industries may look like the above condition. Are you ready for your own dAPP?
隨著Metaverse dAPP 的不斷發展，AXIE / Upland 等等需要不同的區塊鏈網絡的項目將會越來越多。我們會看到更多的Appchain/ dAPP 接入Cosmos (PoS)、Eurus (PoA)、Layer 2.0 (PoS)等鏈上。接下來的兩年，區塊鏈行業可能就如以上的情況。你準備好擁有自己的dAPP 了嗎？
